Excerpt from Cotton Carding
The first thing to be considered in the process of Carding is the mixing of the cotton, which is necessary on account of the density of the bale in which the cotton fibers are compressed and matted together; these bales are opened and in most mills are spread about in the mixing bins by hand. As the fibers in the different lots of cotton may vary from one - sixteenth to one eighth of an inch in length, they should be opened alternately and mixed together thor oughly, because by this method you will obtain a fair average staple, resulting in less waste, as the longer staples will help to carry along and support those which are shorter and are yet considered long enough for the work for which they are intended.
The mixed cotton pile should remain unused a length of time sufficient for the air to. Circulate thoroughly through the cot ton, thereby rendering it fluffy and dry enough for the first process to which it is to be subjected.
This first process is known as the hopper feeder or automatic opener. This machineconsists of a large box, inside of which is a travelling latticed spiked apron. This spiked apron carries the cotton upward on its surface until at the top the large bunches of cotton, which have attached themselves to the spikes, are knocked back by the re volving spiked roll, which is turning near the uppermost end of the spiked apron and is set at a certain distance from this apron. This setting governs the weight of cotton that can continually pass this point.
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