This book aims to explain the significant and extensively used techniques analyzing main abiotic stresses such as drought, tremendous temperature, calcareous soils, unnecessary irradiation, ozone, ultraviolet radiation, and flooding; and to illustrate main or recently rising methods engaged in comprehending and developing plant tolerance. In order to elaborate the approaches for plant stress endurance, examples of both averting and tolerance are presented in complete case studies in this book. The case studies also elucidate the way forward for several staple agricultural crops such as apple and wheat. á
